Method of forming interlocking bricks



Oct. 23

I J. T. ROBERTS ETAL METHOD OF FORMING INTERLOCKING BRICKS Original Filed Oct. '7,

/ N VE N TORS JOHN 7T ROBERTS J55 6. MART/N JR.

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entree stares 1 rinses ra ser earlier.

JOHN T. ROBERTS AND .rnssn o. Man-TIN, an, or sen rnrinorsco, CALIFORNIA.

METiron or FORMING INTERLOCKING anions.

Application filed October 7, 1921, Serial No. 505,997. Renewed September 13, 1923. I

To aZZ whom it may concern:

and Jnssn C. MARTIN, Jr., citizens of the United States, and residents of San Francisco, county of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented new'and useful Improvements in Methods of Forming Interlocking Bricks. v I j The hereinafter described invention .relates to an improved method of forming plastic clay into bricks with bosses andre-' cesses, whereby, when the bricks are superimposed longitudinally or transversely interlocking walls will be formed. I

Heretotore in forming machine-pressed bricks with interlocking bosses and recesses it has been necessary that the blocks'of plas-' tic clay, as wire-cut from the clay slab ejected from-the mouth of a brick machine, be of a larger size or greater cubical content than the blocks as ordinarily cut or formed to produce pressed bricks of the same size without the bosses or recesses. V surplus materialhas been required particularlyin forming this type of brick, wherein thebosses' and recesses are of the same height, or the bosses higher than the recesses, inorder to form full sized bosses which will 7 permit of eflicient interlocking and proper telescopic clearance when'set in the l The use of this extra material required for. forming bricks with interlocking recesses.

bosses and recesses of the same size as bricks withoutthe bosses or recesses, increases the cost of manufacture, decreases the produc- 13101131101 unduly'burdens the presslngmachinery by causing'severe strains, frequent.

breakage and consequent high cost ofmain tenance.

bro'ughtabout due to the additional pressure required of the machine in order to' compress the extra material in the block to the same size as a pressed block withoutbosses and recesses.

It is the primary object of our invention to provide a method of formingmachine pressed interlocking bricks with bosses and recesses, which method will eliminate the The use of The burdening and subsequent damage of the pressing machinery is;

7 production of the interlocking bricks to Be it known that we, JOHN T. ROBERTS the fullest extent without any special changing of the setting or adjustments of the parts saidmechanisms to suit the increased size of block required'over' that normally mal' allowance at for making pressed brick without bosses and recesses as shown in longitudinal section Fig. 4.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional elevation of ablock with bosses and recesses, pressed from a cut clay'block of the same size as shown in F 1, under the methods heretofore used bosses being only partially formed, whereas the completely formed bosses are indicated by dotted lines.

Fig. 3 shows a cut clay block of larger size than the block shown in Fig. lthe extra material as shown at (Z) being required over the normal allowance for making pressed bricks in order to make full formed bosses the same height as the recesses under the methods heretofore used.

j wlth bosses and recesses the same height,the

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the cut Fig. 5 shows a sectional elevation of a block, with bosses and recesses pressed from a cut clayblock of the same size as shown in Fig. 1 under our improved method with the normalallowance (X) for making pressed bricks, the recesses being deeper than the bosses and the bosses being fully formed without the addition of extra clay to the block.-.

Fig. 6 shows a sectional elevation of a block with bosses and recesses pressed from a larger size cut clay block shown in Fig. 3, the bosses and recesses being of the same height and the bosses fully torinedby the compression into the block of the extra material i The letter (Y) throughout the several views block.

plastic. clay blocks as wire-cut from theclay slab ejected from the mouth of a brick clay block for making brick without bosses.

denotes the same height of pressed machine, and of a size such as would normally form pressed bricks without bosses and recesses, to be delivered into a press wherein the forming pressure is applied to the block in such manner that fully formed bosses and recesses are simultaneously made on opposite faces of the block, the recesses being deeper than the height of the bosses.

During the pressing operation the recesses are formed on one face of the block by the displacement to the opposite side of the block of a greater amount of material than is required to form the bosses thereon. This is accomplished by having the dies or recess forming elements of the press of such cubical content or size with relation to the boss forming elements that when the recess forming elements protrude into the clay, the material will be displaced a distance greater than on the opposite face of the'block. Ne provide for the displacement of material from the recess to the boss side of the block through the depth of the protrudence of the recess forming elements, these elements being protruded. into the clay distances greater than the depths of the cups or depressions of the boss forming elements, or in other words a distance greater than the height of the bosses.

In the formation of pressed bricks with bosses and recesses from out clay blocks a surplus of material is required to form completely made bosses.

With the present methods the surplus of material required to produce fully formed bosses necessitates the use of a. block of clay of the size shown in Fig. 3, in which (Z) denotes the extra material employed over the amount normally allowed for press ing as shown at (X) Fig. 1. This extra material is required to be pressed across the full area of the face of the block up into the cup-like depressions wherein the bosses are formed, requiring an excessive pressure over that ordinarily employed in the press in order to force the clay up into these hollow spaces before fully formed bosses as shown in Fig. 6 are produced; the pressing operationin fact employing two stages before the block is removed from tl e press, the one in the partial formation of the bosses u a w as shown in 11g. 2 and the Obl'lGl in then completion by the compression of the extra material across the full area of the face of the block.

Whereas, by our improved method, the surplus of material as required in making completely formed bosses is obtained without adding to the cut clay block ordinarily used in making pressed brick as shown in Fig. 1, by the control of the material within the block. l5 1 displacing the clay immediately within the area of the recesses a distance greater than the height of the bosses,

the height of the bossesthe finished block is formed'with recesses deeper than the bosses are high and the sun plus of material thus obtained is projected to the boss side of the block directly into the cups or depressions of the boSs forming die completely filling the depressions with clay so that full formed bosses are made without detracting from the material in the block as normally allowed for pressing, any of the surplus clay not required in the boss being distributed back into the block; the bosses and recesses being fully formed simultaneously with the pressure ordinarily employed in forming pressed brick of the same Size without bosses and recesses.

The shape of the bosses or recesses may be such as to best suit. the character of service wherein the bricks are used and the height of the bosses compared with the depth of the recesses is regulated by the amount of telescopic clearance formed between the bosses and recesses during a pressing opera tion, the methodsof our invention being limited only to that extent wherein the inert qualities of the clay together with the thickness of the block prevent, during a pressing operation, the displacement of clay from one face to the opposite face as required to form recesses and completely formed bosses of proper telescopic clearance for efficient interlocking.

What we claim is:

1. The method of forming plastic clay into bricks with bosses and recesses, which bricks when laid with the bosses in the recesses form interlocking walls, consisting in taking a cut block of plastic clay of the same size that would normally form a pressed brick without bosses and recesses, and subjecting the block to pressure in such manner that recesses are formed on one face of the block deeper than the height of the bosses on the opposite face by the displacement of clay from the recess side to the boss side of the block.

2. The method of forming plastic clay into bricks with bosses and recesses, which bricks when laid with the bosses in the recesses form interlocking walls, consisting in taking a cut block of plastic clay of the same size that would normally form r a pressed brick without bosses and recesses, and subjecting the block to pressure in such manner that recesses are formed on one face of the block and bosses on the opposite face by the displacement of clay from the recess side to the boss side of the block with out detracting from the clay normally allowed for pressing.

3. The method of forming plastic clay into bricks with bosses and recesses, which bricks when laid with the bosses in the recesses form interlocking walls, consisting in taking a cut block of plastic clay of the same size that would normally form a iae pressed brick without bosses and recesses, and subjecting the block to pressure in such manner that recesses are formed on one face of the block and bosses on the opposite face by the displacement of clay from the recess side tothe boss side of the block a distance greater than the height of the bosses. V

4. The method of forming'plastic clay into interlocking bricks with sists of taking a cut block of plastic clay of a size that would normally form a pressed bosses and recesses on opposite sides, wh1ch method conblock to pressure between elements for forming the bosses and recesses and causing the recess forming elements to protude into the clay a distance greater than necessaryto form recesses of the bosses.

r JOHN T. ROBERTS. r JESSE G. MARTIN, JR. Witnesses:

J. C.'MARTIN, T. D. GARLICHS.

same height as the I 

